Right To Information Act (RTI): All India Annual Digest 2025

Supreme CourtA request to disclose the marks obtained by other candidates in a public examination under the Right to Information Act, 2005, in the public interest, cannot be declined. Public Information Officer and Registrar v. Onkar Dattatray Kalmankar, 2025 LiveLaw (SC) 210Article 19(1)(a) - Right to Information - Supreme Court examined legal framework on the right to information affirming...

PMLA: All India Annual Digest 2025

Supreme CourtAccused cannot be kept in custody if order taking cognizance of Enforcement Directorate (ED) complaint has been quashed. (Para 5) Arun Pati Tripathi v. Directorate of Enforcement, 2025 LiveLaw (SC) 371Accused's right to access all relevant materials, relied upon or not, to ensure a fair trial - Procedural denials of document access cannot override the constitutional right to a...

Supreme Court Annual Digest 2025: BNS & IPC

BHARTATIYA NYAYA SANHITA, 2023 (BNS) / INDIAN PENAL CODE, 1860 - Supreme Court Annual Digest 2025 Section 2(26). Person Sections 11, 120B, 420 IPC – Copyright Act, 1957 – Sections 63, 65 - Victim - Appeal from convictions - Appeal in case of acquittal - Interpretation of 'victim' under Section 2 (wa) read with proviso to Section 372 CrPC - Whether Section 378 CrPC would prevail...

Supreme Court Annual Digest 2025: SARFAESI Act

Securitisation and Reconstruction of Financial Assets and Enforcement of Security Interest Act, 2002 - Supreme Court Annual Digest 2025 Framework “Identification by Banks or Creditors” comes first, it is immediately followed by “Identification by the Enterprise”- An MSME may voluntarily initiate proceedings under the FRAMEWORK if it reasonably apprehends business failure...

Supreme Court Annual Digest 2025: Labour Laws

Administrative order punishing a delinquent employee - Certain generic principles governing interference with orders of punishment that are passed following inquiry proceedings have evolved over a period of time. Law is well settled that an administrative order punishing a delinquent employee is not ordinarily subject to correction in judicial review because the disciplinary authority...

Supreme Court Annual Digest 2025: BNSS & Cr.P.C

BHARATIYA NAGARIK SURAKSHA SANHITA, 2023, (BNSS) and The CODE OF CRIMINAL PROCEDURE, 1973, (CrPC) - Supreme Court Annual Digest 2025 Section 2(1)(h). Complaint Section 2(d) Cr.P.C. - Definition of Complaint - Judicial vs. Executive Magistrate - As per Section 2(d) of CrPC, a complaint refers to an allegation submitted orally or in writing to a Magistrate with the intent...

Supreme Court Annual Digest 2025: Intellectual Property (IP) Laws

Intellectual Property (IP) Laws - Supreme Court Annual Digest 2025 Arbitrability of Trademark Disputes – Dispute between two factions of a Coimbatore-based family over the "Sri Angannan Biriyani Hotel" trademark. The petitioner filed a civil suit seeking a permanent injunction and ₹20 lakhs in damages for alleged trademark infringement. The respondent invoked an arbitration...

Domestic Violence Act: All India Annual Digest 2025

Supreme CourtExtradition Order Quashed - The Trial Court's order directing extradition of the appellant (husband) residing in the USA, due to his non-appearance, was held untenable, especially given the illegal impoundment of his passport. (Para 20) Vishal Shah v. Monalisha Gupta, 2025 LiveLaw (SC) 240Issuance of bailable warrant - Proceedings under the D.V. Act are quasi-criminal and do...

NDPS Act: All India Annual Digest 2025

Supreme CourtInterim release of vehicles involved in NDPS cases - Four Scenarios of Seizure - The Court identified four scenarios where contraband is seized from a vehicle: (i) Owner or agent is the accused. (ii) Vehicle is stolen by the accused. (iii) Contraband is found with a third-party occupant without the owner's knowledge. The Court held that in the third and fourth scenarios, where...

UAPA: All India Annual Digest 2025

Supreme CourtArticle 21 - Applicability of Section 436-A CrPC - Article 21 vs. National Security - Supreme Court clarified that Section 436-A CrPC expressly excludes offences for which death is a prescribed punishment - the accused were charged under Section 302 IPC and Section 16 UAPA (both punishable by death), they were ineligible for bail under this specific provision - While Article...

Negotiable Instruments Act: All India Annual Digest 2025

Supreme CourtDistinction between 'delivery' and 'presentation' illustrated - Supreme Court distinguished delivery (Section 46 NI Act) from presentment (Section 64 NI Act) - Held that delivery involves the drawer handing the cheque to the payee, and, in case of account-payee cheques, the payee delivering it to his own bank - This stage is covered by Section 142(2)(a) - Presentment is the act...

SARFAESI Act: All India Annual Digest 2025

Supreme CourtOrder VII Rule 11 CPC | Plaint With Multiple Reliefs Cannot Be Rejected Just Because Some Reliefs Are Barred : Supreme CourtCase Title: CENTRAL BANK OF INDIA & ANR. VERSUS SMT. PRABHA JAIN & ORS.Citation : 2025 LiveLaw (SC) 96The Supreme Court observed that when a Plaint includes multiple reliefs, it cannot be rejected solely because one of the reliefs is barred by law,...