Important MCQs Based On Latest Supreme Court Judgments For Law Examinations

1. In a criminal trial for kidnapping, the prosecution's case relies heavily on the testimony of the eyewitness (PW-1) who identifies the accused for the first time in the court ("dock identification"). No Test Identification Parade (TIP) was conducted by the investigating agency. The accused argues that this dock identification, occurring years after the incident, is inherently unreliable and fatal to the prosecution's case. Which of the following factors, if established by the prosecution, would be most appropriate for a court to uphold the conviction despite the absence of a TIP? (a) The eyewitness is a close relative of the victim and has a strong interest in ensuring the conviction of the accused. (b) The accused was arrested a week after the incident from a different city based on a vague description, and his photograph was shown to the witness by the police prior to the trial. (c) The incident occurred in the evening under dim streetlights, but the witness had a brief, fleeting glimpse of the accused's face. (d) The accused was arrested on the spot immediately after the crime, and the witness had provided a detailed and accurate physical description of the accused to the police in the First Information Report (FIR) promptly after the incident.Answer: DCause Title: HARJINDRA SINGH ETC. VERSUS THE STATE OF U.P. Citation : 2026 LiveLaw (SC) 598Explanation: The Supreme Court has observed that dock identification of the accused in the absence of the Test Identification Parade (TIP) would not be fatal to the prosecution's case if the accused was sufficiently described in the complaint or was arrested on the spot immediately after the occurrence of the crime.Dock Identification Of Accused For First Time In Court Without Test Identification Parade Not Fatal To Prosecution Always : Supreme Court2. In a paternity suit where the plaintiff claims inheritance rights, the defendant, who has been acquitted in a prior criminal prosecution for rape involving the plaintiff's mother, challenges the trial court's order directing him to undergo a DNA test. The defendant argues that the acquittal conclusively establishes that no biological relationship exists and that the subsequent civil suit is barred by the principles of res judicata. Additionally, he contends that compelling him to provide a DNA sample violates his fundamental right to privacy.Which of the following represents the most accurate legal position? (A) The defendant's acquittal in the criminal case operates as res judicata in the civil suit, conclusively establishing the absence of paternity. Consequently, the DNA test cannot be directed as it would serve no purpose and would be a futile exercise, also infringing upon his privacy rights. (B) The civil suit for declaration of paternity is barred by the principle of res judicata as the issue of paternity could have been, and was, incidentally determined in the criminal proceedings. The right to privacy is absolute and outweighs the plaintiff's claim, thus the DNA test order must be set aside. (C) The acquittal in the criminal case does not operate as res judicata in the subsequent civil suit, as the standard of proof is different (beyond reasonable doubt vs. preponderance of probabilities). A DNA test may be directed as scientific evidence is indispensable to resolve the question of biological parentage, provided that a balance is struck between the plaintiff's right to know his parentage and the defendant's right to privacy. (D) A DNA test can only be ordered in a civil suit if the criminal trial resulted in a conviction, as the standard of proof is higher in criminal cases. Since the defendant was acquitted, there is no 'prima facie' case to compel him to undergo a DNA test, and doing so would be a violation of his testimonial compulsion rights under Article 20(3) of the Constitution of India.Answer: CCause Title: C VERSUS A& ANR., Citation : 2026 LiveLaw (SC) 612Explanation: The Supreme Court recently held that a DNA test may be directed in a paternity dispute even where the alleged father was previously acquitted in a criminal rape case, observing that scientific evidence becomes indispensable when no other evidence can conclusively resolve the question of biological parentage.Acquittal In Rape Case Doesn't Bar Scientific Determination Of Paternity : Supreme Court Upholds DNA Test Order3. A, claiming to be the absolute owner of a large tract of land, executes a Sale Deed in favor of B for valuable consideration. Subsequently, in a separate title suit filed by C, the true owner, a competent court declares that A had no legal title to the property at the time of the execution of the Sale Deed. Based on this judicial finding, a criminal complaint is filed against A for the offense of forgery under Section 463 of the Indian Penal Code, alleging that the Sale Deed executed by A is a "false document" under Section 464. Which of the following is the most accurate legal position regarding A's criminal...

Important MCQs Based On Latest Supreme Court Judgments For Law Examinations

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Yash Mittal

Important MCQs Based On Latest Supreme Court Judgments For Law Examinations

Yash Mittal

This is a premium content Available exclusively to Our subscribers

INR 1099+GST

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Yash Mittal

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