Article 14 Does Not Envisage Negative Equality; State Can't Be Forced To Perpetuate Same Mistake Committed With Respect To Others : Supreme Court

The Supreme Court has observed that daily rated employees cannot as a matter of right claim the parity of pay scales with the Government employees.The Court further added that the petitioners could not invoke Article 14 of the Constitution to claim benefit on the ground of parity if they otherwise were not entitled to such benefit. "As per the settled proposition of law Article 14 of the Constitution embodies the concept of positive equality alone and not negative equality. It cannot be relied upon to perpetuate illegality and irregularity," Court said."...Article 14 of the Constitution does not envisage negative equality and if State has committed the mistake, it cannot be forced to perpetuate the same mistake", the Court added.The bench of Justices DY Chandrachud and MR Shah was considering an appeal against the order passed by the Gujarat High Court in which the High Court had held that the daily rated employees of the Gujarat Water Supply & Sewerage Board ("Board") were not entitled to any benefit from the modified Government Resolutions dated May 1, 1991 and February 15, 1992 since the same were not adopted by the Board.The issues that arose for consideration were: Whether the original writ petitioners – daily rated employees working with the Respondent - Board are entitled to the benefits flowing from subsequent Resolutions dated 01.05.1991 and 15.02.1992? Whether the principle of negative equality shall be applicable in a case where the other employees were wrongly granted the benefits and/or the employees who are claiming the parity shall have to establish their rights independently to get the particular benefits?While dismissing the appeal, the bench in Rajesh Pravinchandra Rajyaguru v. Gujarat Water Supply & Sewerage Board and Ors. observed that, "As per the settled proposition of law, the equation of posts and salary is a complex matter which should be left to the expert body and undertakings and the court cannot interfere lightly. Granting of pay parity by the court may result in a cascading effect having adverse consequences. There are limitations or qualifications to the applicability of the doctrine of 'equal pay for equal work'. Being daily rated employees of the Respondent – Board, they cannot claim as of right similar treatment as Government employees. The Respondent – Board is an independent entity and it might have its own financial capacity and therefore its employees cannot claim parity with the employees of the State Government."Factual BackgroundGujarat Water Supply & Sewerage Board was formed under Gujarat Water Supply and Sewerage Board Act, 1978 for rapid development and proper regulation of the water supply and sewerage activities in the State of Gujarat. Till the Board framed its own Rules and Regulations, it for better administration decided through a Resolution dated August 6, 1980 to follow the Rules, Regulations, Circulars, Policies, Instructions and all Schemes of the State Government from the date of formation of the Board.Since there were many daily wagers working under various departments of the State Government, to resolve the issue relating to service condition of daily wagers engaged in maintenance and repairing work a committee called 'Shri Daulatbhai Parmar Committee' under the Chairmanship of the then Minister of Roads and Building Department – Shri Daulatbhai Parmar was constituted.Based on the recommendations of the Committee, the Gujarat Government passed a Resolution dated October 17, 1988 ("parent resolution") wherein it decided to give certain benefits to the skilled daily wage workmen depending upon the period of services undergone, i.e. less than 5, 5 or more or 10 years.The Board adopted the resolution dated October 17, 1988 and thus granted benefits of the pay scales of Rs.750 and other benefits upon their completion of 5 years service and placed them at the basic pay of Rs.2550. Board also granted benefits under the parent Resolution to all daily rated employees working with the Board including the writ petitioners upon their completion of 10 years and placed them in the pay scale of Rs.2550-55-2600-60-3200.However, some of the zonal offices of the Board erroneously and inadvertently extended the benefit of the modified Resolutions dated May 1, 1991 and February 15, 1992 to unskilled daily wagers. When it came to the notice of the Board's Head Office, it instructed to not grant benefits and thus withdrew the benefit of pay scale of Rs.950-1500 granted inadvertently applying the modified Resolutions and even started recovery.The petitioners sent various representations to the Board for placing them in the pay scale of Rs.950-1500 as per the Resolutions dated May 1, 1991 and February 15, 1992 and further revision of pay to the extent of Rs.3050-4590. They thus approached the High Court for granting them the benefits of pay scale under the modified resolutions and putting them in the pay scale of Rs.950-1500. The Single Judge on October 15, 2019 ...

Article 14 Does Not Envisage Negative Equality; State Can't Be Forced To Perpetuate Same Mistake Committed With Respect To Others : Supreme Court

Shruti Kakkar

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Shruti Kakkar

Article 14 Does Not Envisage Negative Equality; State Can't Be Forced To Perpetuate Same Mistake Committed With Respect To Others : Supreme Court

Shruti Kakkar

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Shruti Kakkar

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